RAW
A raw image file contains minimally processed, i.e. raw, data. Image data are stored on a storage medium largely unprocessed. The further colour processing takes place on the computer with the aid of corresponding software. RAW files are bigger than JPG files but more genuine. They also offer a higher colour depth.
The file ending depends on the camera. Canon, for instance, uses the endings CR2 and CRW, Nikon uses NEF.